The case involved a challenge to the Arkansas Gross Receipts Act, which imposed a sales tax on cable television services while exempting sales of newspapers and magazines.

The Supreme Court had previously ruled in 1987 that a similar sales tax exemption for print media, but not cable TV, was unconstitutional in Arkansas Writers' Project, Inc.

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v.

Ragland.

However, in the 1991 case of Leathers v.

Medlock, the Supreme Court upheld the Arkansas tax on cable TV services, ruling that it did not violate the First Amendment.

The Court found that cable TV was sufficiently different from print media to justify disparate tax treatment, as cable provided both information and entertainment programming.

Timothy J.

Leathers was the Commissioner of Revenues for the State of Arkansas who defended the state's taxation of cable TV services in the Supreme Court case.

The plaintiffs in the case, Daniel L.

Medlock and others, were cable television subscribers and providers who challenged the state's tax.

The Supreme Court's 6-3 decision in Leathers v.

Medlock marked a departure from its prior ruling in the Arkansas Writers' Project case, which had struck down a similar print media exemption.

The Court reasoned that the Arkansas tax did not Single out cable TV for disfavored treatment, but rather applied broadly to a range of services beyond just cable.

Justice Sandra Day O'Connor authored the majority opinion, while Justices Thurgood Marshall, Harry Blackmun, and John Paul Stevens dissented.

The Leathers v.

Medlock decision affirmed the state's ability to impose sales taxes on cable TV services, even if print media was exempt, as long as the tax was not targeted at suppressing free speech.

The case highlights the Supreme Court's evolving jurisprudence on the First Amendment's application to economic regulations, such as tax policies, that affect the media industry.

The Leathers v.

Medlock precedent has continued to shape subsequent legal challenges to state and local taxation of cable and satellite television services.